Abacitse ku icumu bo mu Murenge wa Nyanza mu Karere ka Gisagara bahangayikishijwe no kutishyurwa imitungo yabo yangijwe muri Jenoside. Ibi ngo bakaba basanga ari imbaraga nke zishyirwamo n’ubuyobozi bushinzwe kubishyuriza. Ibi bavuga ko ari imbogamizi ikomeye mu mibereho yabo ariko kandi ngo binakoma mu nkokora ubumwe n’ubwiyunge.

Nyuma y’aho Inkiko Gacaca zirangirije imirimo yazo abacitse ku icumu bangirijwe imitungo muri Jenoside bari biteguye kwishyurizwa, gusa kugeza ubu hari abatarishyurwa n’ifaranga rimwe. Ubukene, kutagira ikibarengera no guhora babona ababangirije imitungo ntawe ubakurikirana ngo ni ibibazo bikomeye kuri bo. Gusa bavuga ko babona abashinzwe kubishyuriza ari bo badashyiramo ingufu.

Ubwo IGIHE yaganiraga na bamwe mu bacitse ku icumu bagaragaza ko bahangayikishijwe n’ iki kibazo cyo kutishyurizwa imitungo. Mu mwaka ushize wa 2013, ngo nibwo babwiwe kujya guteza kashe mpururuza (stamp) ku marangizarubanza. Aya marangizarubanza ngo bagombaga kuyajyana ku biro by’utugari ngo babone kwishyurizwa. Gusa kugeza ubu nta kintu na kimwe kirakorwa.

Kuki abacitse ku icumu batishyurizwa imitungo ?

Iyo ubajije abacitse ku icumu iki kibazo bakubwira ko baheze mu gihirahiro, ngo yewe n’abishyura bishyura nabi. Gutegereza ngo ni ryo jambo babwirwa n’ubuyobozi.

Umugore umwe mu bacitse ku icumu, ukurikirana imitungo y’ababyeyi be yagize ati : “Harimo ababashije kwishyura duke, harimo abatarishyura, mbese ubona nta bushake babifitemo, mbese twaheze mu gihirahiro. Abaturage bavuga ko bakennye ariko n’ubuyobozi ubona nta mbaraga bushyiramo.”

Iki kibazo cyo kutishyurwa imitungo yangijwe muri Jenoside usanga ari rusange muri uyu murenge. Umukekuru wo mu kigero cy’imyaka 52 utarashatse ko amazina ye atangazwa kubera impamvu z’umutekano we, dore ko yatubwiye ko iyo bagaragaje ibibazo nk’ibi batukwa n’ubuyobozi, ngo asanga ubuyobozi ari bwo butuma iyi mitungo itishyurwa.

Imitungo y’uyu mukecuru yangijwe yari iherereye mu Kagali ka Nyaruteja. Ngo amatungo, ibikoresho byo mu nzu n’inzu byose nta na kimwe basigaranye. Ngo n’ubwo byahawe agaciro kadahuye n’ako byari bifite ngo n’utwo duke ntatwo barabona. Kuri ubu aba mu nzu wenyine, n’iyo ashatse amazi bimusaba gutanga igiceri yishyura umuvomera.

Abajijwe ku mpamvu abona atishyurizwa imitungo, mu ijwi wumva ko ririmo akababaro yagize ati ”Badusabye kujya guteza kashe mpuruza i Mugombwa ku marangizarubanza, mu mwaka ushize, twaraziteje ariko nta kirakorwa, abayobozi batubwiye ko ari bo bagomba kutwishyuriza”.

Si uyu mukecuru waganiriye na IGIHE gusa. Undi mubyeyi wo mu kigero cy’Imyaka 50, ahangayikishijwe no kuba imitungo y’ababyeyi be n’abavandimwe bishwe muri Jenoside itishyurwa. Ikigeretse kuri ibi ngo ni uko baregeye n’indishyi nazo bakazitsindira ariko ngo imitungo ya ba Ruharwa nayo iragurishwa indi igakomeza gukoreshwa nta nkomyi.

Abandi babeshejweho nabi no kuba batarishyurwa ibyabo byangijwe

Ubwo jenoside yabaga, Gashema Omar yari afite imyaka 15, ababyeyi be n’abavandimwe bose hamwe bagera ku 10 barishwe, inzu z’iwabo 2 zose zirasenywa. Yasigaye wenyine na mukuru we wari mu gisirikare. Kuri ubu afite imyaka 35, yiga muri IPRC Kigali. Ntagira inzu yo kubamo, iyo muganira akubwira ko akibungana akarago kandi akuze.

Inzu imwe y’iwabo yahawe agaciro n’Inkiko Gacaca ka miliyoni eshatu n’ibihumbi magana atatu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (3,300,000frws) aho ngo ni uko hari ku gasantere (centre) I Nyaruteja. Indi nzu yari iherereye mu Kagali k’Umubanga, yahawe agaciro k’ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000frws) Iyi mitungo yose yangijwe yishyuzwaga abantu 13, kugeza ubu hamaze kwishyurwa 250,000 gusa ku bagomba kwishyura inzu zasenywe.

Kutagira aho akinga umusaya mu biruhuko ngo byamuteraga guhora azenguruka ingo z’abari inshuti z’iwabo uko ibiruhuko bije. Gusa ubu iyo yirebye n’imyaka afite ngo bimutera isoni. Byatumye afata icyemezo cyo kwiyubakira mu bukene bwe akazu ka metero 7 kuri 3. Gusa aka nako kamunaniye kukuzuza.

Iyo nawe umubajije impamvu atishyurizwa imitungo akubwira ko ibyo asabwa gukora byose yabikoze ariko ngo nta kintu na kimwe gikorwa ngo yishyurizwe.

Ibi bishyira uyu musore mu bibazo byo kubaho ubuzima bubi. Imiryango yabagamo nayo yahisemo kumurekura ngo byibuze ubuyobozi bubone ko ahangayitse bube bwagira icyo bumufasha. Gashema yatse ubufasha inshuro nyinshi bwo kubakirwa icumbi nk’uko bikorerwa abandi barokotse Jenoside abadafite aho kuba. Mu 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, hose yandikiraga FARG n’ubuyobozi bw’umurenge abugaragariza ikibazo aterwa no kuba atishyurwa imitungo ndetse no kutagira icumbi. Icyo gihe cyose nta cyakozwe, ngo yabwirwaga ko ari ku rutonde rw’abategereje. Iyo ubajije Gashema impamvu atishyurwa akubwira ko atayizi, gusa ntatinya kuvuga ko abakamwishyurije nta mbaraga bashyiramo.

Yagize ati “Njye nayobewe icyo nakora n’icyo nareka. Sinavuga ko abagomba kunyishyura nta bushobozi bafite kuko nta n’uwanyegereye. Ariko abagomba kunyishyuriza nabo mbona ntacyo bakora. Ubu bansabye guteza kashe mpuruza ku marangizarubanza I Mugombwa, narabikoze, ariko hashize amazi arenga atandatu nta kintu na kimwe kirakorwa.”

Iki kibazo cya Gashema ni urugero ruto cyane mu bibazo byinshi abarokotse bakubwira iyo ubegereye. Benshi ntibifuza ko amazina yabo agaragara cyangwa avugwa. Ngo kuko iyo babivuze byitwa ko bareze umuyobozi, bagahitamo kubyihorera ngo bagahebera urwaje.

Kubwa Gahema, ngo ntabwo wavuga ko abasabwa kwishyura badafite ubwishyu, kuko kugeza ubu n’ibyo ari gukora ari gufashwa n’umugabo wishyurira mukuru we ibihumbi 50, uyu nawe akaba ari umwe mu basabwa kwishyura izi nzu z’iwabo. Yagize ati ”Bose bagize umutima nk’uyu, byibuze nabona aho kuba.”

Abahagarariye abacitse bakora ubuvugizi ariko bakabwirwa gutegereza

Abahagarariye abacutse ku icumu mu Murenge wa Nyanza bavuga ko nta ko batagira ngo bakore ubuvugizi cyane cyane ku bijyanye no kwishyuza imitungo.

Umuryango IBUKA mu Murenge wa Nyanza ivuga ko izi neza ko iki kibazo gihangayikishije abacitse ku Icumu.

Mukagakire Beltirde uhagarariye abacitse ku icumu mu Murenge wa Nyanza, yatangarije IGIHE ko bahora bategereje icyo babwirwa n’ubuyobozi. Gusa yirinze kuvuga ko ari imbaraga nke zishyirwamo n’abayobozi ngo kuko iyo bababajije impamvu bababwira ko bahugiye mu mihigo.

Mukagakire ati ”Ikibazo cyo kutishyurwa kw’imitungo yangijwe muri Jenoside natwe turakizi pe ! Ariko dukora ubuvugizi gusa ubona bigenda biguru ntege. Gusa nko mu Kagali ka Higiro ho bigeze kubura umuyobozi w’akagali, ibi byatumye bisa nk’ibyibagiranye birushaho.”

Umunyamakuru wa IGIHE yanabajije uhagarariye abacitse ku icumu niba babona ikibazo cyo kutishyurwa imitungo gishobora kuba giterwa n’amikoro make y’abasabwa kwishyura. Kuri iki kibazo, Mukagakire yavuze ko icyo atari ikibazo ngo kuko nta muntu wigeze akigaragaza ngo binanirane ko yakumvikana n’uwo agomba kwishyura.

Ati ”Ntabwo navuga ko ari ukuba abagomba kwishyura badafite ubwishyu, iki cyo ntabwo cyaba igisubizo kuko iyo umuntu yangije ikintu cy’undi aba agomba kumwishyura, kugirango babashe bunge bwa bumwe babe Abanyarwanda babe umwe”.

Imitungo ya ba Ruharwa mu Murenge wa Nyanza nta n’umwe ufatiriwe na Leta

Ubwo Inkiko Gacaca zakoraga imirimo yazo, abakoze Jenoside bashyirwaga mu byiciro 3. Abo mu cyiciro cya mbere bafatwa nka Ruharwa aba ngo bagombaga kwishyura imitungo ndetse n’Indishyi z’akababaro igihe zaregewe ndetse zigatsindirwa.

Uwitwaga Karekezi Sepholie wari umuyobozi mu gihe cya Genocide, Nkundabakura Bonaventure, uzwi cyane nka Nkabyankwese, Sezirahiga Francois na Rwamigabo Innocent aba bose bafatwa nka Ruharwa muri uyu murenge. Nyamara Ntibibuza ko imitungo yabo iri kugurishwa ikagurwa n’abandi baturage.

Nk’uko IGIHE yabitangarijwe na Mukagakire Beltirde, ngo nibyo koko iyi mitungo irahari gusa iracyari mu maboko y’imiryango ya ba Ruharwa. Ngo bayikoresha uko bishakiye. Muri iyo mitungo harimo amazu ari mu gasantere(Centre) ka Nyaruteja. Aya amazu yose yaraguzwe ndetse aranavugururwa. Uretse inzu imwe y’uwo bakundaga kwita Nkabyankwese nayo kuri ubu iri guhindurirwa ibyangombwa rwihishwa ikandikwaho abandi bantu.

Ubumwe n’Ubwiyunge burakomwa mu nkokora no kutishyurwa kw’imitungo

Iyo uganira n’abacitse ku icumu bo muri uyu murenge bakubwira ko usibye kurenzaho ariko badacyeye ku mutima. Umukecuru umwe ati “Ikibazo cyo nticyabura, ubwo se umuntu yaba yarakwangirije, mukaba muri kumwe, nta muntu muri kumwe, nta mubyeyi nta mwana, ariko ukabona nta n’icyo bimubwiye ! Urumva ubwo bumwe n’ubwiyunge bwaba bwuzuye ? Burahari ariko ntibwuzuye.”

Ibi byanashimangiwe n’uhagararire abacitse ku icumu aho yagaragaje ko igihe cyose abacitse ku icumu batarishyurwa imitungo baba bafite agahinda kenshi gatuma batabasha kwiyakira igihe babona ababiciye bakabangiriza imitungo batuje nta cyobibabwiye.

Mukagakire ati “Iyo umuntu yangije ikintu cy’undi aba agomba kumwishyura, kugirango babashe bunge bwa bumwe babe Abanyarwanda, babe umwe”.

Ubuyobozi bw’Umurenge wa Nyanza bubivugaho iki ?

Aganira na IGIHE, Umuyobozi w’Umurenge wa Nyanza Uwimana Jean Bosco yagaragaje ko iki kibazo akizi ariko anagaragaza ko bari gukora uko bashoboye ngo byibuze mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa 12 uyu mwaka, imitungo y’abacitse ku icumu izabe imaze kwishyurwa.

Mu kiganiro na IGIHE kuri telefone, Uwimana Jean Bosco Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Nyanza yavuze ko mu buzima busanzwe, abacitse ku icumu muri uyu murenge babayeho neza. Yavuze ko bose bubakiwe amacumbi ngo n’abatarayabona biri mu nzira. Abacitse ku icumu ngo bahawe inka, amatungo magufi, ndetse n’uburezi. Abana bakiri mu mashuri ngo nabo bahawe amatungo bayaragiza mu baturanyi akaba abagoboka mu biruhuko.

Avuga ku kijyane no kwishyuza imitungo yangijwe muri Jenoside, ari na cyo kibazo gihangayikishije abacitse ku icumu muri uyu murenge, Uwimana Jean Bosco yavuze ko bagorwaga no kuba abacitse ku icumu bari batarateza kashe mpururuza ku marangizarubanza. Ati “Urumva hari n’ababa bararangije guteza kashe mpuruza ntibazane amarangizarubaza. Ni icyo kibazo kigihari. Ariko ubundi uwatugejejeho amarangizarubanza nta gihe bimara. Izindi mbogamizi zirimo, uba usanga umuntu umwe yishyuza abantu barenze 15, 20, kandi umuhesha w’inkiko ni umwe mu kagali, biba bisaba rero ko azenguruka ba bantu bose abishyuza kandi akubahiriza porosedire (Procedures)”.

Ibi byatumye IGIHE ibaza Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’ Umurenge wa Nyanza igihe baha abacitse ku icumu ngo byibuze umubare munini ube wamaze kwishyurizwa imitungo agira ati “Twebwe urubanza rutugezeho dusaba ko byibuze bitarenze ibyumweru 2 rurangizwa, ku bijyanye n’imitungo twifuzaga ko byibuze bitarenze ukwezi kwa cumi n’abiri uyu mwaka yaba yarangije kwishyurwa, n’ubu tuvuye mu nama tubiganiraho n’abahesha b’inkiko”.

Umuyobzi w’Umurenge wa Nyaza ariko yahakanye ko ibi hari ingaruka bishobora kugira ku bumwe n’ubwiyunge. Ngo Umurenge wa Nyanza umaze imyaka yikurikiranya itatu cyangwa ine utagaragaza ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside. Kuri bo ngo nta kibazo cy’ubumwe n’ubwiyunge bafite.

Ku bibazo by’indishyi zishyurwa na ba Ruharwa, Umuyobozi w’Umurenge wa Nyanza yavuze ko kugeza ubu nta rangizarubanza riteyeho kashe mpuruza. Ngo igihe cyose bazaba babonye irangizarubanza riteyeho kashe ryishyuza indishyi z’akababaro ngo biteguye gufatira imitungo ya ba Ruharwa ndetse ikagurishwa hakishyurwa abagomba kwishyurwa.

Gusa ngo na none itegeko ryahindutse ngo naryo ryadindije kwishuzwa kw’imitungo aho itegeko rishya risaba kubanza guteza kashe mpuruza. Ibi rero ngo bikaba bitakwirengagizwa mu kurangiza izo manza no kwishyuza imitungo.

Uyu muyobozi ariko yahakanye ko atari azi ko Gahema Omar yatangiye kwiyubakira, ngo yewe nta n’ubwo yigeze yegera ubuyobozi ngo abumenyeshe ko akeneye icumbi. Ngo ubusanzwe bafite amazu batiza abanyeshuri n’abandi bafite ibibazo mu gihe bagitegereje ko babonerwa amacumbi. Ati ”Natwe nk’umuyobozi, uyu munsi ntabwo aratwegera ngo ambwire ngo nabuze icumbi.”

Gusa ibi bitandukanye n’ibigaragazwa na Gashema koko yatangarije IGIHE ko yandikiye ubuyobozi bw’umurenge asaba icumbi imyaka ine yikurikiranya ngo buri gihe abwirwa ko ari ku rutonde rw’abategereje. Uyu Gashema ucyitwa umwana muri uyu murenge n’ubwo afite imyaka 35, ngo icyatumye atubakirwa ngo ni uko yari akiri mu ishuri. Kuri ubu ngo ari ku rutonde rw’abasigaye kubakirwa kandi ngo bizakorwa vuba.

N’ubwo Umuyobozi w’Umurenge avuga ibi, abacitse ku icumu bo barasaba ko ubuyobozi bwabafasha kwihutisha kwishyuza imitungo. Kuri bo ngo babona bigenda biguru ntege. Icyifuzo cyabo ni uko bahuzwa n’abagomba kubishyuriza ndetse bigakorwa vuba. Ikindi basaba ubuyobozi ngo ni uko imitungo ya ba Ruharwa yafatirwa igakurwa mu maboko y’imiryango yabo iri kuyikoresha uko yishakiye. Ends

Inkuru yanditswe na Igihe.com